New Delhi
Global warming, resulting in severe weather events and cyclones along the Indian coastline, has historically caused significant loss of life and economic setbacks. The destruction of high-investment port and power infrastructure, fishing boats, and crops has long-lasting repercussions for the economy.
The UN estimates losses of $14 billion due to Cyclone Amphan in May 2020. However, India has made strides in limiting the impact of such disasters and enhancing resilience in coastal economies. Early weather warnings, accurate vulnerability identification, and timely evacuations have been crucial in averting major casualties. For instance, Cyclone Biparjoy in Gujarat last year caused no loss of life due to the evacuation of over 100,000 people. In Cyclone Michaung, only 17 deaths were reported as thousands had been evacuated. This contrasts with the 1998 storm in Gujarat that claimed 4,000 lives.
Improved technology and communication, a more prominent role for the weather department, and centralized discussions with state governments have led to better forecasts and effective early warning systems. The closure of ports, evacuation of fishing vessels, and proactive measures by organizations like ONGC contribute to minimizing damage. The deployment of the Indian Coast Guard and collaboration with the National Disaster Response Force, Army, Navy, and Air Force enhance preparedness, rescue, and relief efforts, showcasing India’s increased capability to tackle natural disasters and build resilience in the socio-economic system.
